Jenny Pattee, Ed.S., NCSP
Because April is Autism Awareness and Appreciation month, we wanted to bring attention to a better conversation about autism. There have been challenges with attempting to define autism as a linear spectrum. The autism wheel is a more inclusive, individualized way to describe living with autism. While no graphic or tool can ever fully describe a person’s experience, the wheel provides a more in-depth way to understand the unique complexities at the individual level.
So, one might ask this question: “Am I on the autism spectrum? Or am I someplace in the autism wheel?”
Answer: Yes!
How is this possible? Well, autism is considered a spectrum disorder because the diagnostic criteria and symptoms affect each person differently and to a different degree. When we think about a spectrum, however, we think in ranges like low, medium, high, or mild, moderate, severe. This doesn’t really tell the story because, like everyone, aspects of the disorder impact each person to varying degrees, or, perhaps, not at all. So, looking through the lens of a spectrum is linear. Vertical. Fixed. However, the idea of autism symptoms and characteristics as a wheel with gradients is much more inclusive and descriptive, allowing for individual differences. You know, like fingerprints, shadows, or snowflakes. For example, one person might have more sensory aversions than another person. Another person might be less likely to engage in repetitive, fixed behaviors compared to someone else. Limited eye contact might be less of an issue for several kids and for some, it can be a real barrier. There is no gauge that says “how autistic” a person is, though the linear model gives us that impression.
But, wheel versus line, does it really matter?
We feel it does. While autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed through specific criteria in the DSM-5, it’s important to understand that not every person experiences autism in the same way. Ask anyone diagnosed with autism and they will tell you the same. Factors such as the immediate environment and the severity of their challenges can affect a person with autism’s ability to function. Understanding the nuances of autism is necessary to tailor what is needed for anyone with the diagnosis.
The autism color wheel is completely different from the linear model. It includes core characteristics of autism such as sensory sensitivities, challenges with executive functioning, emotional regulation difficulties, and social and communication challenges (see picture). Depending on one’s experience within the individual categories, a person can then color in that section, illustrating the degree to which that characteristic is present in their daily functioning. This creates a better conversation and a deeper understanding.
Keep this quote in mind as you consider your approach to anyone with autism-“If you meet one person with autism, you have met only ONE person with autism and cannot make assumptions or generalizations about them or anyone else.” In conclusion, thinking about autism spectrum disorder in a linear fashion can lead to unfair comparisons of experience. There is no “good” or “bad” autism, or “easy” or “difficult” autism.
If you’d like more information about autism spectrum disorder or have a concern about your child or yourself, we can help. Contact us at 712.202.2255 or visit www.bethinkhealth.com to learn more about our evaluations and assessment team. We are here for you!
More questions? Here are some links to helpful resources.
This site includes information about prevalence, ages for autism screening, signs and symptoms, and current facts.
The Autism Spectrum Wheel, Explained
More information about the Autism Spectrum Wheel, screening vs. diagnosing autism, ABA therapy, and the Autism Wheel facets defined.
Autism Information and Support
Here you will find resources provided by the autism speaks organization. Topics include defining autism, signs of autism, and resources and support after a new autism diagnosis.